Web-Development

The broken link problem You build a search URL and it works fine in English, then breaks the moment a user types anything interesting: https://example.com/search?q=书签管理 & page=2 The server sees q=书签管理 and a stray parameter called page. The & that was supposed to be part of the query value has been read as a separator. The same thing happens with #, =, ?, + and spaces. The fix is percent-encoding (URL encoding): replace unsafe characters with % followed by two hexadecimal digits representing the UTF-8 byte. ...

The problem Base64 solves Many systems only transport text. Email was designed for 7-bit ASCII, JSON is defined as text, and HTML attributes hold strings. But the things we actually want to move around — images, PDFs, encryption keys, binary protocol buffers — are bytes that can easily include control characters, quotes, or newlines. If you paste raw binary into a text channel, something will eventually eat a byte: a line ending gets rewritten, a quote terminates a string early, a proxy strips a NUL. Base64 gives you a safe envelope by re-encoding those bytes using only 64 characters that every text system agrees on: ...